Achieving a genuine circular economy and a well-functioning European market for secondary raw materials requires harmonised rules that drive a structural step-change in waste management across the EU. The Waste Framework Directive did not fully address the deep-rooted shortcomings that continue to hinder the efficiency of European waste management systems. The forthcoming Circular Economy Act presents a unique opportunity to correct these deficiencies. European Aluminium therefore calls on the Commission to maintain a strong Internal Market legal basis and to resist attempts to dilute ambition under the pretext of flexibility or national specificities.